20ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩᠳᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ
ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ: ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠲᠦ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠦᠯ -> ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ -> 201703
ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ: pdf
ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ: 2018/08/31
ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ: 1ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ
ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠄ ﹇ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ﹈ ᠠ᠊ ᠡᠩᠬᠡᠪᠠᠲᠤ
ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡ᠄ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩᠳᠠ︔ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ︔ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ
ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ᠄ (ᠦᠭᠡᠢ)
ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ᠄ 1911ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠴ᠊ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠦᠭ᠌ᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ1864 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠤᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ1914 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠭᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩᠳᠠ1914-1921ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ᠂ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠨᠡᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃1921 ᠣᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ1910-1913 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ︽ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠲᠦ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠰᠲᠢᠷ᠂1915ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ︽ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂1922 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ︽ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠲᠤ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠨ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠣᠷᠤᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠬᠢᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠪᠠᠺᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠸᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠴᠤ᠌ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠾᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠠᠶᠠᠰᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃